By framing interaction design as a cultural and narrative act, Murray moves beyond the functionalist view of design common in early HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) discourse. Her approach invites designers to think like authors and architects — crafting digital experiences that reflect human values, emotions, and stories.

Personally, what stands out is Murray’s insistence on responsibility and intentionality: digital designers are not just building tools but shaping the grammar of the digital age. This challenges us to design with awareness of cultural impact — to see design as a way of participating in, and guiding, the evolution of human communication.

The four affordances provide a powerful lens for analyzing today’s technologies — from social media platforms to virtual reality. For instance, the participatory and procedural dimensions are central to understanding algorithmic personalization and user agency online.